Machines à bois – Sécurité –
Partie 5: Scies au format
(ISO 19085-5:2017)

Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen – Sicherheit –
Teil 5: Formatkreissägemaschinen
(ISO 19085-5:2017)

Obsah

Contents

Strana

Page

Předmluva.............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8

Úvod........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9

1......... Předmět normy....................................................................................................................................................................... 11

2......... Citované dokumenty............................................................................................................................................................. 11

3......... Termíny a definice................................................................................................................................................................. 12

4......... Seznam významných nebezpečí........................................................................................................................................ 15

5......... Bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření pro ovládání........................................................................................................... 18

5.1...... Bezpečnost a spolehlivost ovládacích systémů............................................................................................................... 18

5.2...... Ovládací zařízení.................................................................................................................................................................... 18

5.3...... Spuštění................................................................................................................................................................................... 20

5.4...... Bezpečné zastavení.............................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.4.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 20

5.4.2... Normální zastavení................................................................................................................................................................ 20

5.4.3... Provozní zastavení................................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.4.4... Nouzové zastavení................................................................................................................................................................ 20

5.5...... Brzdicí funkce nástrojových vřeten..................................................................................................................................... 20

5.6...... Volba režimu........................................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.7...... Změna frekvence otáčení vřetena...................................................................................................................................... 21

5.7.1... Změna frekvence otáčení změnou polohy řemenů
na řemenicích......................................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.7.2... Změna frekvence otáčení motorem
s inkrementální změnou frekvence otáčení...................................................................................................................... 21

5.7.3... Plynulá změna frekvence otáčení měničem frekvence................................................................................................. 21

5.8...... Porucha jakékoliv dodávky energie................................................................................................................................... 21

5.9...... Ruční ovládání resetování.................................................................................................................................................... 22

5.10.... Souhlasné povelové ovládání............................................................................................................................................. 22

5.11.... Monitorování frekvence otáčení pohybujících se částí stroje........................................................................................ 22

5.12.... Časová prodleva.................................................................................................................................................................... 22

5.13.... Strojně ovládané nastavení pilových kotoučů
a/nebo pravítek....................................................................................................................................................................... 22

6......... Bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření pro ochranu proti mechanickým nebezpečím................................................ 23

6.1...... Stabilita.................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.1.1... Stacionární stroje................................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.1.2... Přemístitelné stroje................................................................................................................................................................ 23

6.2...... Riziko roztržení během provozu.......................................................................................................................................... 23

6.3...... Konstrukce držáku nástroje a nástroj................................................................................................................................. 23

6.3.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.3.2... Blokování vřetena.................................................................................................................................................................. 24

6.3.3... Upevňovací zařízení pro pilové kotouče............................................................................................................................ 24

6.3.4... Rozměry přírub pro pilové kotouče..................................................................................................................................... 24

Foreword................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8

Introduction............................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

1......... Scope.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

2......... Normative references.............................................................................................................................................................. 11

3......... Terms and definitions.............................................................................................................................................................. 12

4......... List of significant hazards....................................................................................................................................................... 15

5......... Safety requirements and measures for controls................................................................................................................ 18

5.1...... Safety and reliability of control systems............................................................................................................................... 18

5.2...... Control devices......................................................................................................................................................................... 18

5.3...... Start............................................................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.4...... Safe stops.................................................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.4.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 20

5.4.2... Normal stop............................................................................................................................................................................... 20

5.4.3... Operational stop........................................................................................................................................................................ 20

5.4.4... Emergency stop........................................................................................................................................................................ 20

5.5...... Braking function of tool spindles........................................................................................................................................... 20

5.6...... Mode selection.......................................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.7...... Spindle speed changing......................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.7.1... Spindle speed changing by changing belts
on the pulleys............................................................................................................................................................................ 21

5.7.2... Spindle speed changing by incremental speed change motor....................................................................................... 21

5.7.3... Infinitely variable speed by frequency inverter................................................................................................................... 21

5.8...... Failure of any power supply................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.9...... Manual reset control................................................................................................................................................................. 22

5.10.... Enabling control........................................................................................................................................................................ 22

5.11.... Machine moving part speed monitoring.............................................................................................................................. 22

5.12.... Time delay................................................................................................................................................................................. 22

5.13.... Power-operated adjustment of the saw blades
and/or fences............................................................................................................................................................................. 22

6......... Safety requirements and measures for protection against mechanical hazards........................................................ 23

6.1...... Stability....................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.1.1... Stationary machines................................................................................................................................................................ 23

6.1.2... Displaceable machines........................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.2...... Risk of break-up during operation......................................................................................................................................... 23

6.3...... Tool holder and tool design.................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.3.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 23

6.3.2... Spindle locking.......................................................................................................................................................................... 24

6.3.3... Circular saw blade fixing device............................................................................................................................................ 24

6.3.4... Flange dimension for circular saw blades........................................................................................................................... 24

Strana

6.3.5... Upevňovací zařízení pro frézovací nástroje...................................................................................................................... 24

6.4...... Brzdění..................................................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.4.1... Brzdění nástrojového vřetena.............................................................................................................................................. 25

6.4.2... Maximální doba doběhu....................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.4.3... Uvolnění brzdy........................................................................................................................................................................ 25

6.5...... Bezpečnostní zařízení........................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.5.1... Pevné ochranné kryty............................................................................................................................................................ 25

6.5.2... Blokování pohyblivých ochranných krytů.......................................................................................................................... 25

6.5.3... Ovládací zařízení vyžadující nepřetržité
působení síly na ovládač...................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.5.4... Dvouruční ovládač................................................................................................................................................................. 25

6.5.5... Elektrické snímací ochranné zařízení (ESPE).................................................................................................................. 26

6.5.6... Ochranné zařízení citlivé na tlak (PSPE)........................................................................................................................... 26

6.6...... Zabránění přístupu k pohybujícím se částem................................................................................................................... 26

6.6.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

6.6.2... Ochranné krytování nástrojů................................................................................................................................................ 26

6.6.3... Ochranné krytování pohonů................................................................................................................................................. 35

6.6.4... Ochranné krytování zón střihu a/nebo stlačení................................................................................................................ 35

6.7...... Nebezpečí nárazu.................................................................................................................................................................. 36

6.8...... Upínací zařízení...................................................................................................................................................................... 36

6.9...... Opatření proti vymrštění........................................................................................................................................................ 37

6.9.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.9.2... Materiály ochranných krytů a charakteristiky.................................................................................................................... 37

6.9.3... Zařízení proti zpětnému vrhu............................................................................................................................................... 37

6.10.... Opěry a vedení obrobku....................................................................................................................................................... 41

6.10.1 Pravítko pro podélné řezání................................................................................................................................................. 41

6.10.2 Pravítko pro příčné řezání..................................................................................................................................................... 44

6.10.3 Upínací botka obrobku.......................................................................................................................................................... 44

6.10.4 Stůl stroje................................................................................................................................................................................. 45

6.10.5 Prodloužení stolu................................................................................................................................................................... 45

6.10.6 Posuvný stůl............................................................................................................................................................................ 45

6.11.... Bezpečnostní příslušenství................................................................................................................................................... 45

7......... Bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření pro ochranu proti ostatním nebezpečím.......................................................... 48

7.1...... Požár........................................................................................................................................................................................ 48

7.2...... Hluk........................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

7.2.1... Snižování hluku v etapě návrhu.......................................................................................................................................... 48

7.2.2... Měření emise hluku............................................................................................................................................................... 48

7.3...... Emise prachu a třísek............................................................................................................................................................ 49

7.4...... Elektrická výbava................................................................................................................................................................... 49

7.4.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 49

7.4.2... Přemístitelné stroje................................................................................................................................................................ 49

7.5...... Ergonomie a manipulace..................................................................................................................................................... 49

Page

6.3.5... Fixing device for milling tools................................................................................................................................................. 24

6.4...... Braking........................................................................................................................................................................................ 25

6.4.1... Braking of tool spindles........................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.4.2... Maximum run-down time........................................................................................................................................................ 25

6.4.3... Brake release............................................................................................................................................................................ 25

6.5...... Safeguards................................................................................................................................................................................ 25

6.5.1... Fixed guards.............................................................................................................................................................................. 25

6.5.2... Interlocking movable guards.................................................................................................................................................. 25

6.5.3... Hold-to-run control.................................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.5.4... Two-hand control...................................................................................................................................................................... 25

6.5.5... Electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE).................................................................................................................. 26

6.5.6... Pressure-sensitive protective equipment (PSPE).............................................................................................................. 26

6.6...... Prevention of access to moving parts................................................................................................................................... 26

6.6.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 26

6.6.2... Guarding of tools...................................................................................................................................................................... 26

6.6.3... Guarding of drives.................................................................................................................................................................... 35

6.6.4... Guarding of shearing and/or crushing zones...................................................................................................................... 35

6.7...... Impact hazard............................................................................................................................................................................ 36

6.8...... Clamping devices..................................................................................................................................................................... 36

6.9...... Measures against ejection...................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.9.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.9.2... Guards materials and characteristics................................................................................................................................... 37

6.9.3... Anti-kickback devices............................................................................................................................................................... 37

6.10.... Work-piece supports and guides........................................................................................................................................... 41

6.10.1 Rip fence.................................................................................................................................................................................... 41

6.10.2 Cross-cut fence......................................................................................................................................................................... 44

6.10.3 Work piece clamping shoe..................................................................................................................................................... 44

6.10.4 Machine table............................................................................................................................................................................ 45

6.10.5 Extension table.......................................................................................................................................................................... 45

6.10.6 Sliding table............................................................................................................................................................................... 45

6.11.... Safety appliances..................................................................................................................................................................... 45

7......... Safety requirements and measures for protection against other hazards.................................................................... 48

7.1...... Fire............................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

7.2...... Noise........................................................................................................................................................................................... 48

7.2.1... Noise reduction at the design stage...................................................................................................................................... 48

7.2.2... Noise emission measurement............................................................................................................................................... 48

7.3...... Emission of chips and dust..................................................................................................................................................... 49

7.4...... Electricity.................................................................................................................................................................................... 49

7.4.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 49

7.4.2... Displaceable machines........................................................................................................................................................... 49

7.5...... Ergonomics and handling....................................................................................................................................................... 49

Strana

7.6...... Osvětlení.................................................................................................................................................................................. 49

7.7...... Pneumatika............................................................................................................................................................................. 50

7.8...... Hydraulika............................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.9...... Elektromagnetická kompatibilita......................................................................................................................................... 50

7.10.... Laser......................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.11.... Statická elektřina.................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.12.... Chyby montáže...................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.13.... Odpojení.................................................................................................................................................................................. 50

7.14.... Údržba...................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

8......... Informace pro použití............................................................................................................................................................ 50

8.1...... Výstražná zařízení.................................................................................................................................................................. 50

8.2...... Značení.................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

8.2.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

8.2.2... Další značky............................................................................................................................................................................ 50

8.3...... Návod k používání................................................................................................................................................................. 51

8.3.1... Obecně..................................................................................................................................................................................... 51

8.3.2... Doplňující informace............................................................................................................................................................. 51

Příloha A (informativní) Požadovaná úroveň vlastností.............................................................................................................. 55

Příloha B (normativní) Zkouška funkce brzdění........................................................................................................................... 58

Příloha C (normativní) Zkouška stability přemístitelných strojů................................................................................................. 59

Příloha D (normativní) Zkouška nárazem pro ochranné kryty................................................................................................... 61

Příloha E (normativní) Měření emise hluku pro stroje,
které nejsou v ISO 7960:1995............................................................................................................................................. 62

Příloha F (normativní) Zkouška podélné a boční tuhosti rozvíracího klínu.............................................................................. 63

Příloha G (normativní) Maximální rozměry stolu stroje a prodloužení stolu........................................................................... 65

Příloha H (normativní) Zkouška tuhosti ochranného krytu pilového kotouče......................................................................... 67

Příloha ZA (informativní) Vztah mezi touto evropskou normou a základními požadavky směrnice
EU 2006/42/ES o strojních zařízeních................................................................................................................................ 70

Bibliografie........................................................................................................................................................................................... 74

Page

7.6...... Lighting....................................................................................................................................................................................... 49

7.7...... Pneumatics................................................................................................................................................................................ 50

7.8...... Hydraulics.................................................................................................................................................................................. 50

7.9...... Electromagnetic compatibility................................................................................................................................................ 50

7.10.... Laser........................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.11.... Static electricity.......................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.12.... Errors of fitting........................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.13.... Isolation...................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

7.14.... Maintenance.............................................................................................................................................................................. 50

8......... Information for use................................................................................................................................................................... 50

8.1...... Warning devices....................................................................................................................................................................... 50

8.2...... Marking....................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

8.2.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 50

8.2.2... Additional markings................................................................................................................................................................. 50

8.3...... Instruction handbook................................................................................................................................................................ 51

8.3.1... General....................................................................................................................................................................................... 51

8.3.2... Additional information............................................................................................................................................................. 51

Annex A (informative) Performance level required....................................................................................................................... 55

Annex B (normative) Test for braking function............................................................................................................................... 58

Annex C (normative) Stability test for displaceable machines.................................................................................................... 59

Annex D (normative) Impact test for guards.................................................................................................................................... 61

Annex E (normative) Noise emission measurement
for machines not in ISO 7960:1995...................................................................................................................................... 62

Annex F (normative) Riving knife longitudinal and lateral rigidity tests...................................................................................... 63

Annex G (normative) Minimum dimensions of machine table and extension table............................................................... 65

Annex H (normative) Saw blade guard rigidity test........................................................................................................................ 67

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC.......................................................................................................................... 70

Úvod

Introduction

Soubor mezinárodních norem ISO 19085 poskytuje technické požadavky pro návrh a konstrukci dřevo-
zpracujícího strojního zařízení. Jedná se o konstruk-
téry, výrobce, dodavatele a dovozce strojů specifiko-
vaných v předmětu normy. Také obsahuje seznam informačních položek, které výrobce musí poskytnout uživateli.

The ISO 19085 series of International Standards provides technical safety requirements for the design and construction of woodworking machinery. It concerns designers, manufacturers, suppliers and importers of the machines specified in the Scope. It also includes a list of informative items that the manufacturer will need to give to the user.

Tento dokument je norma typu C, jak je stanoveno v ISO 12100.

This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.

Příslušná strojní zařízení a rozsah nebezpečí, nebez-
pečných situací nebo nebezpečných událostí jsou uvedeny v předmětu normy této části ISO 19085.

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the Scope of this part of ISO 19085.

Pokud jsou požadavky této normy typu C odlišné od požadavků, které jsou stanoveny v normách typu A nebo typu B, mají požadavky této normy typu C pro stroje, které byly navrženy a vyrobeny podle poža-
davků této normy typu C, přednost před požadavky jiných norem.

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.

Obsahuje úplný soubor požadavků na určitý typ dřevo-
zpracujícího stroje, který je uveden v části ISO 19085 platný pro tento typ, společně s relevantními poža-
davky z ISO 19085-1:2017 v rozsahu specifikovaném v předmětu normy oblasti působnosti příslušné části ISO 19085.

The full set of requirements for a particular type of woodworking machine are those given in the part of ISO 19085 applicable to that type, together with the relevant requirements from ISO 19085‑1:2017, to the extent specified in the Scope of the applicable part of ISO 19085.

Pokud je to možné, v částech ISO 19085 jiných než ISO 19085-1:2017, byly bezpečnostní požadavky upraveny pomocí odkazů na příslušné oddíly
ISO 19085-1:2017, aby se zabránilo opakování a zkrácení jejich délky. Ostatní části obsahují náhrady a doplňky ke společným požadavkům uvedeným
v ISO 19085-1:2017.

As far as possible, in parts of ISO 19085 other than ISO 19085‑1:2017, safety requirements are referenced to the relevant sections of ISO 19085‑1:2017, to avoid repetition and reduce their length. The other parts contain replacements and additions to the common requirements given in ISO 19085‑1:2017.

Tudíž, kapitoly 5, 6, 7 a 8 s jejich články a přílohami tohoto dokumentu mohou být použity k 

Thus, Clauses 5, 6, 7 and 8, with their subclauses and the annexes of this part can either

–    vyhodnocení jako celku,

–    confirm as a whole,

–    vyhodnocení s dodatky,

–    confirm with additions,

–    celkovému vyloučení, nebo

–    exclude in total, or

–    nahrazení specifickým textem,

–    replace with specific text,

odpovídající článkům nebo přílohám ISO 19085-1:2017.

the corresponding subclauses or annexes of ISO 19085‑1:2017.

Tato vzájemná souvislost je uvedena v prvním odstavci každého článku nebo přílohy hned pod nadpisem jedním z následujících výroků:

This interrelation is indicated in the first paragraph of each subclause or annex right after the title by one of the following statements:

–    „Platí článek ISO 19085-1:2017.“;

–    “This subclause of ISO 19085‑1:2017 applies.”;

–    „Platí článek ISO 19085-1:2017 s následujícími dodatky“ nebo „Platí článek ISO 19085-1:2017 s následujícími dodatky, které jsou rozděleny do specifických článků.“;

–    “This subclause of ISO 19085‑1:2017 applies with the following additions.”, or “This subclause of ISO 19085‑1:2017 applies with the following additions, subdivided into further specific subclauses.”;

–    „Článek ISO 19085-1:2017 neplatí.“;

–    “This subclause of ISO 19085‑1:2017 does not apply.”;

–    „Tento článek ISO 19085-1:2017 je nahrazen následujícím textem.“, nebo „Tento článek
ISO 19085-1:2017 je nahrazen následujícím textem, který je rozdělen do specifických článků.“.

–    “This subclause of ISO 19085‑1:2017 is replaced by the following text.”, or “This subclause of ISO 19085‑1:2017 is replaced by the following text, subdivided into further specific subclauses.”.

Specifické články a přílohy v této části ISO 19085 bez odpovídajících v ISO 19085-1:2017 jsou indikovány úvodní větou: „Článek (nebo příloha) specifický pro tuto část ISO 19085.“

Specific subclauses and annexes in this part of ISO 19085 without correspondent in ISO 19085‑1:2017 are indicated by the introductory sentence: “Subclause (or annex) specific to this part of ISO 19085.”

Kapitoly 1, 2, 4 nahrazují odpovídající kapitoly ISO 19085-1:2017, bez nutnosti indikace, protože jsou specifické pro každou část souboru.

Clauses 1, 2, 4 replace the correspondent clauses of ISO 19085‑1:2017, with no need for indication since they are specific to each part of the series.

POZNÁMKA Požadavky na nástroje jsou uvedeny v EN 847-1:2013 a EN 847-2:2013.

NOTE Requirements for tools are given in EN 847-1:2013 and EN 847-2:2013.

1 Předmět normy

1 Scope

Tento dokument uvádí bezpečnostní požadavky a opatření pro stacionární a přemístitelné formátovací kotoučové pily, dále jen uváděné jako „stroje“, kons-
truované k obrábění dřeva a materiálu s podobnými fyzikálními vlastnostmi jako má dřevo.

This document gives the safety requirements and measures for stationary and displaceable dimension saws, hereinafter referred to as “machines”, designed to cut wood and material with similar physical characteristics to wood.

POZNÁMKA 1 Pro definice stacionární a přemístitelné stroje viz ISO 19085-1:2017, 3.4 a 3.5.

NOTE 1 For the definitions of stationary and displaceable machines, see ISO 19085‑1:2017, 3.4 and 3.5.

Zabývá se všemi významnými nebezpečími, nebez-
pečnými situacemi a událostmi uvedenými v kapitole 4, které se týkají strojů, které jsou provozovány, nastavovány a udržovány podle určení a za podmínek předpokládaných výrobcem včetně rozumně předvída-
telného nesprávného použití. Také jsou vzaty v úvahu fáze dopravy, montáže, demontáže, poruchy a vyřazení.

It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as listed in Clause 4, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases have been taken into account.

POZNÁMKA 2 Pro relevantní, ale nevýznamná nebezpečí, např. ostré hrany rámu stroje, viz ISO 12100.

NOTE 2 For relevant but not significant hazards, e.g. sharp edges of the machine frame, see ISO 12100.

Platí také pro stroje vybavené jedním nebo více z následujících zařízení/přídavných pracovních jedno-
tek, jejichž nebezpečí bylo řešeno:

It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with:

–    zařízením pro zvedání nebo spouštění hlavního pilového kotouče a předřezávacího pilového kotouče;

–    device for the main saw blade and scoring saw blade to be raised and lowered;

–    zařízením k naklonění hlavního pilového kotouče a předřezávacího pilového kotouče pro zkosené hrany;

–    device to tilt the main saw blade and scoring saw blade for angled cutting;

–    zařízením pro nařezávání;

–    device for scoring;

–    zařízením pro drážkování frézovacím nástrojem s šířkou nepřesahující 20 mm;

–    device for grooving with milling tool with a width not exceeding 20 mm;

–    demontovatelnou strojní posouvací jednotkou;

–    demountable power feed unit;

–    předřezáváním tvarově olepené hrany;

–    post-formed edge pre-cutting unit;

–    strojně ovládaný posuvný stůl;

–    power-operated sliding table;

–    upínaná obrobku.

–    workpiece clamping.

POZNÁMKA 3 Formátovací kotoučové pily jsou používány na rozřezávání, příčné řezání, formátování a drážkování.

NOTE 3 Dimension saws are used for ripping, cross cutting, dimensioning and grooving.

Tato norma se nevztahuje na stroje určené pro použití v prostředí s nebezpečím výbuchu nebo na stroje vyrobené před datem vydání.

It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres or to machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.